Samuel abraham and lewis c



s. AA L. 0. ABRAHAM. RAKE 0R SGRAPER FOB CLEANING BOILER TUBES.110,514,111.

. (No. Model.)

Patented Feb. 6, 1894.

m w M F STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL ABRAHAM AND LEWIS C. ABRAHAM, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

RAKE OR SCRAP ER FOR CLEANING BOILER-TUBES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,111, dated February6, 1894.

Application filed N v m r 80, 1892- Serial No. 453,572. (No model.)Patented in Belgium September 23, 1892, No. 101,492: in France September23, 1892, No. 224,511, and in England September 24, 1892, No. 17,069.

To all whom it may concern:

the United States, both residing at Brussels,

Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Rakes or Scrapersfor Cleaning Boiler-Tubes, (for which we have applied for patents inBelgium, No. 101,492, bearing date September 23, 1 892; in France, No.224,511, bearing date September 23, 1892, and in Great Britain, No.17,069, bearing date September 24, 1892,) of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to an adjustable rake or scraper designed forcleaning boiler tubes and especially for removing sediment or calcareousdeposits therefrom.

It comprises essentially a series of levers pivoted at one end to acircular boss and care rying at their other end small Wheels havingteeth. The circular boss is mounted on one end of a central stem theother end of which is screw-threaded to fitinto a screw-threaded handlehaving an external conical sleeve or enlarged part against which thepivoted levers are constantly pressed by the action of springs locatedin the circular boss. By simply turning the handle of the scraper in oneor the other direction so as to screw it farther on or unscrew it moreor less from the central screw-threaded stem, the knives or toothedwheels on the free ends of the levers are made to move away from or tomove I nearer to, the axis of the scraper thus increasing or reducing atwill the diameter of the acting part of the rake or scraper. By thismeans the scraper can be used for cleaning tubes or pipes of difierentinternal diameters and furthermore while cleaning a tube the diameter ofthe scraper can be increased in proportion as the internal diameter ofthe tube becomes enlarged in consequence of the removal of the sediment.The knives or toothed wheels carried by the levers can easily be removedand replaced.

In the accompanying drawingsz-=Figures 1, 2 and 3 show respectively anelevation, a central vertical section and a plan view of our invention.

The boss b is fixed in place on the end of the screw-threaded stem a,which latter is screwed into the handle A of the scraper. The end of thehandle Ain which isinserted the screw-threaded stem is furnished with aconical sleeve or with an enlarged part Z which becomes graduallythinner toward the end in which the screw-threaded stem va is insorted.The levers c c are fixed and pivoted in the grooves of the boss 15 bymeans of pins 21 passing through the heads of the same and the innerends of the said levers bear against the sleeve or conical part 1 at theend of the handle A.

Atthe top of the head of the levers cthere is a projecting part 'nagainst the inner face of which there presses the end of a spiral spring1' located in the upper part of the groove of the boss I). These springso have a constant tendency to press outwardly that part of the head ofthe levers situated above their pivot t' and thus press the inner sideof the levers against the sleeve or conical part Z of the handle. 'A cap19 maintained in place by a nuts screwed on the end of the central stemat covers the top of the boss and of the head of the levers and isfurnished with small internal cavities t, t for the reception of theupper part of the springs which are thus held in place in small chambersformed by the boss, the interior of the cap and the projecting part onthe head of the levers. When the handle A is turned in the requisitedirection so as to give it a screwing movement on the screw-threadedcentral stem (1 the latter penetrates still farther into the handle A,and the sleeve or conical partl moves toward the boss I) and pressesoutwardly the lower part of the leversc against the action of thesprings r of the boss thus moving the knives or toothed wheels 6 of thelevers away from the axis of the scraper and increasing the diameter ofthe acting portion of the scraper.

In order to diminish the diameter of the acting portion of the scraperthe handle A is turned in the other direction, that is to say in thedirection for unscrewing the same from the central stem at, the sleeveor conical part Z of the handle will then move away from the boss I) andthe knives d or toothed wheels 2 of the lovers 0 will be moved nearer tothe axis of the scraper by the pressure of the springs boss I) andcarrying renewable scrapers, and springs r, located in the boss I) andpressing the levers 0 against the sleeve or enlarged part Z of thehandle A as described.

SAMUEL ABRAHAM. LEWIS C. ABRAHAM. Witnesses:

H. N. KIRKPATRICK, T. J. KIRKPATRICK.

